THE DYNATOME CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM:NEW INNOVATIVE FUNCTIONAL SCORING OFBICUSPID AORTIC VALVE FOR CARDIACINTERVENTIONS

PARIPEX - INDIAN JOURNAL F RESEARCH | O March - 202 Volume - 15 | Issue - 03 | 6 | PRINT ISSN No. 2250 - 1991

DOI : 10.36106/paripex

ABSTRACT - Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of global mortality. Traditional 2D cardiomyocyte cultures and animal models fail to fully replicate human-specific cardiac morphogenesis, electrophysiology, and drug responses. Cardiac organoids (COs), including self-organizing cardioids, represent a transformative 3D in vitro system capable of recapitulating chamber morphogenesis, multi-lineage interactions, and functional contractility. Recent innovations in chamber-specific differentiation, decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) scaffolding, AI-driven contractility quantification, and volumetric 3D bioprinting have substantially enhanced translational potential. This review synthesizes state-of-the-art methodologies and outlines pre-clinical and regulatory considerations for first-inhuman applications

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