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Transcatheter device closure of ventricular septal defects (VSDs) has emerged as an alternative to surgical repair. However, its proximity to the cardiac conduction system can induce delayed electrical and mechanical complications. This article reviews the anatomical and mechanical pressure causations of late-onset Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB) and subsequent Left Ventricular (LV) dysfunction following perimembranous VSD device deployment. We examine the biophysical pathways of...

https://www.doi.org/10.36106/gjra PDF- https://www.worldwidejournals.com/global-journal-for-research-analysis-GJRA/fileview/pradeeps-three-fundamental-laws-of-cardiac-surgery-a-unified-mathematical-hemodynamic-and-biophysical-framework-for-modern-cardiovascular-intervention_June_2026_4061879109_0702360.pdf Cardiac surgery represents one of the most advanced integrations of physiology, biomechanics, uid dynamics, thermodynamics, and bioengineering in modern medicine. Despite remarkable...

https://www.doi.org/10.36106/paripex PDF- https://www.worldwidejournals.com/paripex/fileview/pradeeps-the-three-fundamental-laws-of-cardiac-surgery-flow-structure-and-protection-as-a-unified-physiological-framework-for-modern-cardiovascular-interventionthe-law-of-flow-the-perfusion-mandate_June_2026_0320811517_3500620.pdf Cardiac surgery has evolved into a highly sophisticated discipline integrating physiology, biomechanics, molecular biology, perfusion science, and bioengineering. Despite...